Initiatives communautaires de redevabilité pour revendiquer les droits fonciers en Afrique sub-saharienne
Ces dernières années, les communautés sont confrontées de plus en plus aux accaparements de terres tant au niveau urbain et périurbain qu’au niveau rural facilités par la complicité des élites et les dysfonctionnements administratifs, en particulier en « omettant » d’appliquer les droits fonciers coutumiers pourtant reconnu dans le Code Domanial et Foncier (CDF) du Mali. Cette injustice a créé de nombreux conflits fonciers. Ce sont des territoires, des écosystèmes, des identités communautaires, la souveraineté alimentaire voire nationale qui sont menacés. La Convergence Malienne contre les Accaparements de Terres (CMAT), composée de 5 structures d’envergures nationales (AOPP, CAD-MALI, CNOP, LJDH et l’UACDDDD), travaille avec les communautés des villages Fonsira et Dalla pour trouver des solutions concrètes tant sur le terrain qu’au niveau des textes législatifs, en s’appuyant notamment sur les directives des régimes fonciers du CSA de la FAO.
Author(s): Jacovetti, Chantal, Kone, Massa
Download PDF
Language: French
|
Bottom-up accountability initiatives and large scale land acquisition in sub-saharan Africa : final technical report
Understanding and interpretation of the CFS/FAO Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests (Tenure Guidelines or TGs) is a key factor in communities’ capabilities for collective action, especially through the organization of land pressure groups. TGs help people to engage critically with existing legal frameworks. In this study, community knowledge was enhanced regarding customary as well as statutory laws which protect rights, while enabling people to identify shortcomings/gaps/bias in the existing laws working against them. It also emerged that issues of land grabs similarly engender the grabbing of other resources like water, forests and pasture.
Author(s): Monsalve Suarez, Sofia
Download PDF
|
Convergence Malienne contre les accaparements des terres : note politique dans le cadre de la recherche action IDRC/FIAN/CNOP/CMAT
Depuis la Charte du Mandé, les droits fondamentaux qui sont la Terre, l’Eau pour vivre dans la Dignité et du fruit de son travail n’ont pas trouvé d’écho significatif dans nos textes de lois et encore moins dans leur application. Les droits des communautés ont été sans cesse bafoués, vus comme négatifs par opposition aux lois dites modernes ou positives issues de la colonisation avec son concept de domanialité fondée sur l’immatriculation. Cette vision juridique est issue du colonialisme ; le législatif foncier a peu évolué et se retrouve éparpillé dans divers textes qui ne font qu’aggraver le flou foncier juridique et permettent de spolier aisément les détendeurs de droits coutumiers. « Il n’existe pas encore au Mali un document juridique spécifique traitant du foncier Agricole dans sa globalité. Les dispositions y afférentes sont disséminées dans un ensemble de textes législatifs et réglementaires relatifs à la gestion domaniale et foncière, à la gestion des ressources naturelles, notamment forestières, fauniques, hydrauliques et halieutiques, minières et pastorales, ainsi que dans les textes relatifs à la décentralisation » (Moussa Djiré, expert foncier malien). Cet imbroglio de textes législatifs inefficace et pénalisant est résumé par Rochegude « Personne n’était capable de faire un exposé correct de la législation foncière au Mali».
Author(s):
Download PDF
|
Building strong communities against land and water grabbing : a policy brief by Katosi Women Development Trust (KWDT)
In fishing communities the contentious acquisition of land close to water bodies is especially relevant. Water grabbing has serious implications for basic human rights including the right to water, food, health, livelihood, and self-determination. Land grabbing is driven by the desire to control and use water and fisheries resources. Globally, Uganda is among the 25 countries most affected by water grabbing. The Katosi Women Development Trust documents effects of land grabbing in four communities in Mpunge sub-county in Mukono district, conducting action research studies in selected fishing communities in Uganda, investigating the drivers of land and water grabbing.
Author(s):
Download PDF
|
Bottom-up accountability initiatives to claim tenure rights in sub-saharan Africa : country report on South Africa
The research project uses the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of land, fisheries and forests (VGGT or Tenure Guidelines) as a tool to assess the impact of various governance frameworks on small scale fishing communities. It uses the Tenure Guidelines to empower communities to protect their rights in the context of promoting food sovereignty. This case illustrates how Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) impact small scale fishers’ tenure rights, and how communities can resist and negotiate the challenges of exclusion. In terms of human rights, small-scale fishers continue to be marginalized.
Author(s): Joshua, Michelle, Isaacs, Moeniba, Dennis, Tracey
Download PDF
Language: English
|
Tout ce qui est décidé pour nous mais sans nous, est contre nous : l’application des droits fonciers coutumiers au Mali en s’appuyant sur les directives pour la gouvernance foncière de la FAO
Ces dernières années, les communautés sont confrontées de plus en plus aux accaparements de terres tant au niveau urbain et périurbain qu’au niveau rural facilités par la complicité des élites et les dysfonctionnements administratifs, en particulier en « omettant » d’appliquer les droits fonciers coutumiers pourtant reconnu dans le Code Domanial et Foncier (CDF) du Mali. Cette injustice a créé de nombreux conflits fonciers. Ce sont des territoires, des écosystèmes, des identités communautaires, la souveraineté alimentaire voire nationale qui sont menacés. La Convergence Malienne contre les Accaparements de Terres (CMAT), composée de 5 structures d’envergures nationales (AOPP, CAD-MALI, CNOP, LJDH et l’UACDDDD), travaille avec les communautés des villages Fonsira et Dalla pour trouver des solutions concrètes tant sur le terrain qu’au niveau des textes législatifs, en s’appuyant notamment sur les directives des régimes fonciers du CSA de la FAO.
Author(s): Jacovetti, Chantal, Kone, Massa
Download PDF
Language: French
|
Policy brief by Environmental Rights Action/Friends of the Earth Nigeria
This policy brief serves to aid policy for land management especially in Cross River State, Nigeria. Following incessant conflicts between communities and investors (individuals, companies, multinational etc.) within the rainforest communities in Nigeria, and Cross River state in particular, Environmental Right Action/Friends of the Earth Nigeria (ERA/FOEN) conducted a study anchored on bottom-up accountability and governance: securing community tenure rights to land in impacted communities in Betem, Akpet, Idoma and Akamkpa in Cross River State Nigeria. Relevant government agencies need to act on recommendations which include respect for communal land rights, a halt to depreciation, eviction and destruction of rural livelihoods.
Author(s):
Download PDF
|
Collaborative action research on the rush for land and water in Uganda, Mukono District
The land in fishing communities is especially susceptible to land grabbing. Findings reveal that lawlessness, ignorance of the law, unlawful evictions and increasing conflicts in fishing and farming communities, all lead to loss of access to land and fishing grounds. This report gives background and context of the research, clarifies the legal and policy framework governing the use of land in Uganda, while providing background on the Mukono district. The research is the first of its kind to offer affected communities a platform to exchange among themselves and reflect on the ongoing land grabbing taking place in in their communities.
Author(s): Nakato, Margaret, Bavuma, Namaganda Rehema, Namugga, Vaal Benjamin
Download PDF
Language: English
|
Why wait for the state? : using the CFS Tenure Guidelines to recalibrate the political-legal terrain in struggles for human rights and democratic control of land, fisheries and forests
Grassroots organizations do not need to wait for the state to implement Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security (Tenure Guidelines or TGs). Rural communities can take governance into their own hands and use TGs as a tool for investigation, reflection and action. The challenge is how to take the next step: under what conditions can TGs provide the rural poor with resources to organize and mobilize? This article provides an overview of new efforts by the International Planning Committee for Food Sovereignty (IPC) to assist in debate and mobilization.
Author(s): Franco, Jennifer, Monsalve Suarez, Sofia
Download PDF
|
Building bottom-up accountability in an era of land grabbing in sub-saharan Africa : policy points and recommendations from Nigeria, Uganda, Mali and South Africa
This policy brief outlines recommendations resulting from a three-year action research programme undertaken by civil society organizations in collaboration with threatened communities of smallholder farmers and fishers. Through participatory action research, local organizations and communities used The Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security (Tenure Guidelines or TGs) to analyse and assess unjust situations regarding the governance of their land and resources, and to point the way forward in terms of advocacy and democratic land control. Rights advocacy and access to resources must include women and youths.
Author(s):
Download PDF
Language: English
|
Toolkit for participatory action research
This project brings the international soft law instrument, the Voluntary Guidelines on Responsible Governance of the Tenure of Land, Fisheries, and Forests (Tenure Guidelines or TGs) to rural communities and, together with them, uses the Guidelines to strengthen their tenure of land, fisheries and forests. As well, it provides policy-relevant knowledge on how to promote legitimacy and accountability of public authorities involved in land grabs. The goal of the Toolkit is to help users to produce outputs which are politically relevant and useful. Also provided are some tools and frameworks which can be developed to advance specific Action Research projects.
Author(s): Hall, Ruth, Brent, Zoe, Franco, Jenny, Isaacs, Moenieba, Shegro, Tsegaye
Download PDF
Language: English
|
Using the tenure guidelines for action research : a primer
As part of a collaborative project to strengthen the capacity of grassroots communities in Mali, Nigeria, Uganda and South Africa, this practical guide focuses on accountability and accountability politics in the global rush to grab land, water and other natural resources. Through action research, threatened communities can determine causes, conditions, and consequences that will inform collective action and advocacy, in particular by using the CFS/FAO Guidelines on Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests (Tenure Guidelines or TGs). This first international ‘soft law’ instrument focuses on economic, social and cultural rights (ESCR) and their application to local governance.
Author(s):
Download PDF
Language: English
|
Securing community tenure rights to land in Betem, Akpet, Idoma and Akampa in Cross River State, Nigeria
The study focuses on impacts of PZ Wilmar’s acquisition of nearly 30,000 hectares of land. Wilmar is a multinational company involved in land grabbing cases related to oil palm plantations in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study shows the extent of Wilmar’s infringement on communal land rights, examining cases of eviction and destruction of livelihoods. Findings show that the four communities studied suffered from increasing food prices, deficits of local staple foods, evictions and displacement of poor farmers. Severe loss of biodiversity due to pollution and unsustainable environmental practices was observed. Recommendations outline effective community action and advocacy.
Author(s): Uyi Ojo, Godwin, Uwagie-Ero, Adesuwa, Tokunbor, Nosa
Download PDF
Language: English
|
Bottom-up accountability initiatives and large scale land acquisition in sub-saharan Africa : project synthesis report
Undemocratic politics, policy making and law making interpretation and implementation, prove to be drivers of land grabbing in the four country studies presented here. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (CFS/FAO) Guidelines on Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests (Tenure Guidelines or TGs), albeit “soft” law, are being used by local communities for bottom-up accountability against land grabbing. Land deals are marked by highly contested political processes – usually between the central state, local communities and the corporate sector. This report summarises findings of research on accountability in Large Scale Land Acquisition (land grabbing) in Africa.
Author(s): Monsalve Suarez, Sofia
Download PDF
Language: English
|
