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Andrews, G.R. “Research Directions in the Region: Past, Present and Future”. In Ageing in East and South East Asia, edited by D.R. Phillips, pp. 22–35. Edward Arnold: London, 1992.

Andrews, G.R., A.J. Esterman, A.J., Braunack-Mayer, A.J. and C.M. Rungie C.M. Aging in the Western Pacific: A Four-Country Study”. Manila: World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Western Pacific, 1986.

Antonucci, T.C. “Social Supports and Social Relationships”. In Handbook of Aging and Social Sciences Third Edition, edited by R.H. Binstock and L.K. George, pp. 205–226. San Diego, California and London: Academic Press, 1990.

Argyle, M. “Benefits Produced by Support Social Relationships”. In The Meaning and Measurement of Social Support, edited by H. Veiel and U. Baumann, pp. 13–32. New York: Hemisphere Publishing Corp., 1992.

Arokiasamy, J.T. “Ageing in Malaysia and Its its Problems”. In Ageing People in Transition. Paper presented at International Symposium on a Comparative Study of Three Cases in Asia: Korea, Taiwan and Japan, Advanced Research Centre for Human Sciences, Waseda University, 1997.

———. “Social Problems and Care of the Elderly”, Medical Journal Malaysia 52, no. 3 (September 1997).

Arokiasamy, J.T. and J.S.T. Teoh “Studies Concerning the Elderly in Malaysia: An Inexhaustive Compilation of Published Studies on the Care of the Elderly in Malaysia up to December 1997”. The Clearing House Project, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, 1997.

Asher, M.G. “Financing Old Age in Southeast Asia: An Overview”. Southeast Asian Affairs 1996 (Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1996), pp. 72–98.

———. “The Future of Retirement Protection in Southeast Asia”. International Social Security Review 51, no. 1 (1998): 3–30.

Awang, H.S. “Current Programme Implementation and Evaluation”. In Proceedings of the National Seminar on Challenges of Senior Citizens Towards Vision 2020, Kuala Lumpur, 1 October 1992.

Bae, S.S. “A Study on the Development of Dementia Management Model in Kwangmyung City, Korea”. Journal of Health Administration 9 (1999): 30–71.

Bengston V., C. Rosenthal, and L. Burton. “Families and Ageing: Diversity and Heterogeneity”. In Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences, Third Edition, edited by R.H. Binstock and L.K. George, pp. 263–87. San Diego, California and London: Academic Press, 1990.

Bowling, A. Measuring Health: A Review of Quality of Life Measurement Scales. Buckingham: Open University Press, 1991.

Browne, C.V. Women, Feminism and Aging. New York: Springer, 1998.

Burgio, L., R. Allen-Burge, A. Stevens, L. Davis, and D. Marson. “Caring for Alzheimer’s Disease Patients: Issues of Verbal Communication and Social Inter-action”. In The Gerontological Prism: Developing Interdisciplinary Bridges, edited by J.F. Clair and R.M. Allman, pp. 49–74. New York: Baywood, 2000.

Butler, R.N. and H.P. Gleason. Productive Aging. New York: Springer, 1985.

Bunrayong W. “Family Burdens of Caring for the Demented Elderly at Home” (in Thai). Journal of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine 1 (2000): 11–8.

Byun Y.C., Y.J. Han, S.H. Lee, J.H. Park, J.I. Woo, and J.H. Lee. A Study on the Development of Dementia Management Mapping. Seoul: Korean Institute for Health and Social Affairs, 1997.

Census and Statistics Department, Hong Kong. Hong Kong Annual Digest of Statistics 1987–1996. Hong Kong: Government Printer, 1996.

———. Hong Kong Population Projections 1997–2016. Hong Kong: Government Printer, 1997.

———. 2001 Population Census: Summary Results and Basic Tables for Constituency Areas (5 Vols). Hong Kong: Printing Department, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, 2002a.

———. Hong Kong Population Projections 2002–2031. Hong Kong: Printing Department, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, 2002b.

Chan A.C.M. “An Explanatory Model for Depression Amongst the Chinese Elderly in Hong Kong — A Cognitive-Behavioural Perspective”. In Mental Health in Hong Kong 1996/97, edited by K.Y. Mak, T. Ng, C. Chan, T.Y. Lo, and K.S. Yip, pp. 140–61. Hong Kong: Mental Health Association of Hong Kong, 1997.

Chan K.E. “Demographic and Socio-Economic Linkages in Malaysia: The Case of Demographic Ageing” In First Symposium on Gerontology 1995: Issues and Challenges of Ageing Multidisciplinary Perspectives: Proceedings (1995). Kuala Lumpur: Gerontology Association of Malaysia, 1996.

Chappell, N. L. Social Support and Aging. Toronto: Butterworths, 1992.

Chayovan N. and J.A. Knodel J. A Report on the Survey of the Welfare of Elderly in Thailand. Bangkok: Institute of Population Study, Chulalongkorn University, 1996.

Chayovan N., M. Wongsith M. and C. Saengtienchai. “Socio-Economic Consequences of the Aging of the Population in Thailand”. IPS Publication no.161/88. Bangkok: Institute of Population Study, Chulalongkorn University, 1988.

Cheah, M. “Health Care for the Aged — Critical Issues and New Opportunities in Retirement and Nursing Homes”. Paper presented at the National Conference on the Private Healthcare Industry: Shaping the Future of Malaysian Healthcare Towards the 21^st Century, Petaling Jaya, March 1995.

Chen, C.Y.P., G.R. Andrews, R. Josef, K.E. Chan, and J.T. Arokiasamy. Health and Ageing in Malaysia. A Study Sponsored by the World Health Organization. Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 1986.

Chen, A.J. and G. Jones. Ageing in ASEAN — Its Socio-Economic Consequences. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1989.

Cheung, P.L. “Population Ageing in Singapore”. Asia–Pacific Journal of Social Work 3, no. 2 (1993): 77–89.

Chi, I. (1994) “Family Structure and Family Support of the Old Old in Hong Kong,”. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Family and Community Care, Hong Kong, edited by Hong Kong Council of Social Service, pp. 313–18. Hong Kong:: Hong Kong Council of Social Service, 1994.

Chi, I. and J. Boey. A Mental Health and Social Support Study of the Old Old in Hong Kong. Hong Kong: Department of Social Work and Social Administration, University of Hong Kong, 1994.

Chi, I., P.S.F. Yip and K.K. Yu. Elderly Suicide in Hong Kong. Hong Kong: Befrienders International, 1997.

Chia, Y.C. “Primary Care in the Elderly”. In First Symposium on Gerontology 1995: Issues and Challenges of Ageing Multidisciplinary Perspectives: Proceedings (1995), Gerontology Association of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 1996.

Choi, J.S. A Study on the Korean Family. Seoul: Ilji-Sa, 1982.

Choi, S.J. “Family and Ageing in Korea: A New Concern and Challenge”. Ageing and Society 16, no. 1 (1996): 1–25.

———. “Approaches to Elderly Housing and Accommodation in Korea”. In Proceedings of the Asia–Pacific Regional Conference for the International Year of Older Persons, Hong Kong, Vol. 2, pp. 238–85. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Council of Social Service, 1999a.

———. “Productive Ageing in Korea”. Paper presented to the International Conference of NGOs, Seoul, Korea, 10–19 October 1999, 1999b.

———. “Ageing in Korea: Issues and Policies”. In Ageing in the Asia–Pacific Region: Issues, Policies, and Future Trends, edited by D.R. Phillips, pp. 223–42. London: Routledge, 2000a.

———. “Policy Tasks and Development Prospects of Current In-Home/Community Services”. In Modern In-Home/Community Care Services, edited by the Committee for Collection of Papers to Commemorate the 70^th Birthday of Mr Cho Ki-Dong. Seoul: Hongikjae, 2000b.

Choi, S.J. and H.K. Suh. Aging in Korea. Federation of the Korean Gerontological Societies. Seoul: Chung-Ang Publishers, 1995.

Chow, N. “Hong Kong: Community Care for Elderly People”. In Ageing in East and South East Asia, edited by D.R. Phillips, pp.65–76. London: Edward Arnold, 1992.

Chung, K.H., A.J. Cho, Y.H. Oh, J.K. Byun, Y.C. Byun, and H.S. Moon. A Research Study on the Status of the Elderly People’s Life and Their Welfare Needs. Seoul: Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs, 1998.

Clair, J.M., W.C. Yoels, and D.A. Karp. “A Social Psychology of the Life Cycle: Interdisciplinary Policies, Perceptions and Prospects”. In The Gerontological Prism: Developing Interdisciplinary Bridges, edited by J.M. Clair and R.M. Allman, pp. 49–74. New York: Baywood, 2000.

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Deloitte and Touche Consulting Group. A Study of the Needs of Elderly People in Hong Kong for Residential Care and Community Support Services. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Government, 1997.

Department of Social Welfare, Malaysia. Annual Statistical Bulletin, 1995; 1996; 1997; 1998; 1999. Kuala Lumpur: External Services Division, National Printing Department, 1995–1999.

Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Senior Citizens and Population Ageing in Malaysia. Population Census Monograph Series no. 4. Kuala Lumpur: National Printing Department, 1998.

———. Population Distribution and Basic Demographic Characteristics. Kuala Lumpur: Department of Statistics, 2001.

Department of Statistics, Singapore. General Household Survey 1995: Socio-Demographic and Economic Characteristics. Singapore: Department of Statistics, 1995.

———. Key Indicators on the Population of Households, Singapore, 19/2/2001. Website of Singapore Department of Statistics, <www.singstat.gov.sg>, 2001.

Department of Social Welfare, Thailand. A Social Welfare for the Aged. Bangkok: Department of Social Welfare, Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare, 2001a.

———. A Survey of Private Organizations Providing Care and Services for the Aged. Bangkok: Department of Social Welfare, Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare, 2001b.

Domingo, L.J. “Ageing and Women in Developing Countries: Examination of Issues from a Cohort Perspective”. In Population Growth and Demographic Structure: Proceedings of the U.N. Expert Group Meeting on Population Growth and Demographic Structure. New York: United Nations, 1992.

ESCAP (Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific). Studies on Consequence of Population Change: Malaysia. Asian Population Studies Series no. 118. New York: United Nations, 1993.

———. Population Ageing and Development: Report of the Regional Seminar on Population Ageing and Development. Asian Population Studies Series no. 140. New York: United Nations, 1996a.

———. Population Ageing in Asia and the Pacific. New York: United Nations, 1996b.

———. Approaches to Comprehensive National Policies on Ageing: Government–NGO Cooperation. New York: United Nations, 1997.

———. Macau Plan of Action on Ageing for Asia and the Pacific. New York: United Nations, 1999.

———. Ageing in Asia and the Pacific: Critical Issues in National Policies and Programmes. SD/RW/MPAA/INF.4. Bangkok: Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, 2001a.

———. Review of Progress in the Implementation of the Macao Plan of Action on Ageing for Asia and the Pacific 2001. SD/RW/MPAA/INF.5. Bangkok: Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, 2001b.

———. ESCAP Population Data Sheet 2001. Bangkok: Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, 2001c.

———. Social Services for Older Persons: Trends and Issues in Asia and the Pacific. SD/RW/MPAA/INF.3. Bangkok: Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, 2001d.

The Edge. “Golden Oldies” in “Survey and Guide”. Kuala Lumpur, 19 February 2001a.

———. “Selling to the Silver-haired” in “Survey and Guide”. Kuala Lumpur, 19 February 2001b.

Elder, G.H., J.R. Rudkin, and M.J. Shanhan. “Psychosocial Stress over the Life Course”. In Psychosocial Stress: Perspective on Structure, Theory, Life Course, and Method, edited by H. Kaplan, pp. 247–292. San Diego: Academic Press, 1996.

Elderly Commission, Hong Kong. Report of the Elderly Commission 1997–1999. Hong Kong: Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, 2000.

———. Report on Healthy Ageing. Ad hoc Committee on Healthy Ageing, Elderly Commission, Hong Kong. Hong Kong: Printing Department, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, 2001.

Employees’ Provident Fund. Employees’ Provident Fund Annual Report 1999. EPF, Malaysia, 1999.

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Encel, S. and P. Nelson. Volunteering and Older People. Report by the Consultative Committee on Ageing, Sydney, 1996.

Evashwick, C.J. The Continuum of Long-term Care: An Integrated System Approach. Albany: Delma Publishers, 1996.

Fox, L. and E. Palmer. “New Approaches to Multipillar Pension Systems: What in the World is Going On?” In New Ideas about Old Age Security: Toward Sustainable Pension Systems in the 21st Century, edited by R. Holzmann and J.E. Stiglitz et al., pp. 90–132. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank, 2001.

Garner, J.D. “Long-term Care”. In Encyclopedia of Social Work, 19^th Edition edited by R. Edwards et al., pp. 1625–34. Washington, D.C.: National Association of Social Workers, 1995.

Gilbert, N. and P. Terrell. Dimensions of Social Welfare Policy, Fourth edition. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1998.

Gorman, M. “Development and the Rights of Older Persons”. In The Ageing and Development Report: Poverty, Independence and the World’s Older People, edited by J. Randel, T. German and D. Ewing, pp. 3–22. London: Earthscan, 1999.

Government of Malaysia. Seventh Malaysia Plan 1996–2000. Kuala Lumpur: National Printing Department, 1996.

———. National Health and Morbidity Survey II 1996. Kuala Lumpur: Ministry of Health, National Printing Department, 1997.

———. Labour Force Survey Report. Kuala Lumpur: Department of Statistics, National Printing Department, 1998–1999.

———. National Senior Citizens Policy Action Plan 1999, Kuala Lumpur: Department of Social Welfare, Ministry of National Unity and Social Development, National Printing Department, 1999.

Government of Singapore. Singapore Census of Population. Advanced Data Release no. 6, 2000a.

———. Singapore Census of Population. Advanced Data Release no. 9, 2000b.

Harrison, J.D. “The Physical Environment: Blessing or Curse for Senior Citizens?”. In Into the Millennium of the Older Adult: Releasing Potentials and Erasing Prejudices, Proceedings of the Regional Conference of the Gerontological Society of Singapore, 12–14 January 2001, edited by L. Wee, K. Mehta, C.Y. Leng and P.K. Tee, pp. 79–91. Singapore: The Gerontological Society of Singapore, 2001.

Hartz, G.W. and Splain, M.D. Psychosocial Intervention in Long- term Care: An Advanced Guide for Social Workers and Nurses. New York: Haworth Press, 1997.

Hashimoto, A. “Ageing in Japan”. In Ageing in East and South-East Asia, edited by D.R. Phillips, pp. 36–44. London: Edward Arnold, 1992.

Health and Welfare Bureau Hong Kong. Consultancy Study on the Review of Day Care Centres, Muiti-service Centres and Social Centres and Development of Integrated Care Services for Elders. Study commissioned by the Health and Welfare Bureau, led by Law S.K. Hong Kong: Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, 2001.

HelpAge International. State of the World’s Older People 2002. London: HelpAge International, 2002.

Hennessy, P. Caring for the Frail Elderly: Policies in Evolution. Social Policy Studies no. 19. Paris: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1996.

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Heumann, L.F., M.E. McCall and D.P. Boldy, eds. Empowering Frail Elderly People: Opportunities and Impediments in Housing, Health, and Support Service Delivery. Westport, Conn.; Praeger, 2001.

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Hong Kong Association of Gerontology. Position Paper of the Hong Kong Association of Gerontology. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Association of Gerontology, 1996.

Hong Kong Council of Social Services. Research on Expenditure Patterns of Low Expenditure Households in Hong Kong. OXFAM and HKCSS. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Council of Social Services, 1996.

———. Dementia Care in Hong Kong. Task Force on Dementia Care, Elderly Division, HKCSS. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Council of Social Services, 1998.

Hong Kong Hospital Authority. Hospital Authority Statistical Report 1998–99. Hong Kong: Hospital Authority, 2000.

Howe, A. “Changing the Balance of Care: Australia and New Zealand” . In Caring for Frail Elderly People: Policies in Evolution, edited by P. Hennessy. Social Policy Studies no. 19. Paris: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1996.

Howe, A. and D.R. Phillips, National Policies on Ageing: Why Have Them? Invited Symposium, World Congress of Gerontology, International Association of Gerontology, Vancouver, July 2001.

Hutten, J.B.F. and A. Kerkstra, eds. Home Care in Europe: A Country-specific Guide to its Organization and Financing. Aldershot: Arena, 1996.

Hyun, O.S. “A Comparative Study on the Formulation Process of Social Welfare Policy for the Aged in Korea and Japan”. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Social Welfare, Seoul National University, 1992.

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International Labour Organization. Early and Partial Retirement in Europe and the United States. Briefing noted for the Senate Special Committee on Ageing, Washington D.C., 25 July 1997.

Inter-Ministerial Committee on the Ageing Population, Singapore. Report of the Inter-Ministerial Committee on the Ageing Population. Singapore: Ministry of Community Development, 1999.

Inter-Ministerial Committee on Health Care for the Elderly, Singapore. Report of the Inter-Ministerial Committee on Health Care for the Elderly. Singapore: Ministry of Health, 1999.

Jalal, H. “Future Strategies in Health Care for the Elderly in Malaysia”. In First Symposium on Gerontology 1995: Issues and Challenges of Ageing Multidisciplinary Perspectives: Proceedings. Gerontology Association of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 1996.

Jitapunkul, S. Elderly Women : A Current Status. Bangkok: Thai Society of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, 1998a.

———. “A Randomised Controlled Trial of Regular Surveillance in Thai Elderly Using a Simple Questionnaire Administered by NonProfessional Personnel”, Journal of Medical Association of Thailand 81 (1998b): 352–56.

———. “Expansion of Morbidity: a Hypothesis Originated from a Study among Thai Elderly”, (in Thai) Journal Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine 1 (2000a): 42–49.

———. Current Status of Thai Older Persons and National Actions on Ageing (in Thai). Bangkok: Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 2000b.

Jitapunkul, S., and S. Bunnag. Ageing in Thailand: 1997. Bangkok: Thai Society of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, 1997.

Jitapunkul, S., S. Bunnag, S. and S. Ebrahim. Care for the Elderly in Klong Toey Slum. CES project: final report for HelpAge International. Bangkok: Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1996.

———. “Effectiveness and Cost Analysis of Community-based Rehabilitation Service in Bangkok”. Journal of Medical Association of Thailand 81 (1998): 572–78.

Jitapunkul, S., N. Chayovan, and S. Yodpetch, eds. Elderly in Thailand: An Extensive Review of Current Data and Situation, and Policy and Research Suggestions (in Thai), Bangkok: The Thailand Research Fund, 2001.

Jitapunkul, S., C. Kunanusont, W. Phoolcharoen, and P. Suriyawongpaisal. Health Problems of Thai Elderly (A National Survey) (in Thai). Bangkok: National Health Foundation and Ministry of Public Health, 1999.

———. “Prevalence Estimation of Dementia among Thai Elderly: a National Study”. Journal of Medical Association of Thailand 84 (2001): 461–67.

Jitapunkul, S., S. Yodpetch, M. Pananiramai, et al. A Future Study of Elderly Population, Welfare and Service System in the Next 10 Years (in Thai). Bangkok: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 2000.

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Kamnuansilpa, P., S. Wongthanavasu, J. Bryant, and A. Promno. Health Policy Evaluation for the Elderly Population (in Thai). Khon Kaen: University of Khon Kaen, 1999.

———. “An Assessment of the Thai Government’s Health Services for the Aged”. Asia–Pacific Population Journal 15, no. 1 (2000)): 3–18.

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———. “New Patterns of Poverty in Hong Kong: An Assessment of Current Social Security Provisions”. In Ageing, Gender and Family in Singapore, Hong Kong and China, edited by K.W.K. Law, pp. 93–116. Taiwan: Program for Southeast Asian Studies, Academica Sinica, 2002b.

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———. “Promoting Multigenerational Relationships in Asia and the Pacific”. In Promoting a Society for All Ages in Asia and the Pacific, edited by the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), pp.56–80. New York: United Nations, 1999.

———. “Caring for the Elderly in Singapore”. In Who Should Care for the Elderly? An East–West Value Divide, edited by W.T. Liu and H. Kendig, pp. 249–68. Singapore: National University of Singapore Press and World Scientific Publishing, 2000.

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———. Guideline of National Government’s Financial Support for the Elderly Health and Welfare in 2001 (in Korean). Kwachun: Ministry of Health and Welfare, 2001b.

———. A Report of Comprehensive Measures on Financial Stabilization of National Health Insurance and New Medicare System to Define Roles of Medical Doctors and Pharmacists (in Korean). Report issued by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, 2001c.

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